CS Flanges The type of flange used depends heavily on the specific application's pressure, temperature, and joint integrity requirements. +4 Weld Neck Flange (WNRF): These feature a long tapered hub and are typically butt-welded to a pipe. They are recommended for critical, high-pressure, and high-temperature applications due to their robust connection. Slip-On Flange (SORF): Designed to slip over the end of a pipe and then be secured with fillet welds at both the inner and outer diameters. They are easier to install than weld neck flanges and are commonly used in low-pressure, lower-hazard applications. Blind Flange (BLRF): A round plate with bolt holes but no center bore. They are used to seal or block the end of a piping system, pressure vessel, or valve. Socket Weld Flange (SWRF): The pipe end is inserted into a socket in the flange and then secured with a single fillet weld. They are best for small-bore piping under high pressure and are not recommended for highly corrosive applications. Threaded Flange: These have a thread inside the bore which matches a male thread on the pipe, allowing assembly without welding. They are suitable for non-critical, low-pressure, and low-temperature applications. Lap Joint Flange (LJRF): These are used with a 'stub end' fitting, where the flange is slipped over the pipe and is free to rotate for easier bolt alignment. They are often used in systems requiring frequent dismantling for inspection or maintenance. Material Specifications and Standards The most common material grade for forged carbon steel flanges in general ambient and high-temperature service is ASTM A105. For low-temperature applications, grades like ASTM A350 LF2 are used, which require notch durability testing. Key standards and material specifications include: Standards: ASME/ANSI B16.5, ASME B16.47 (large diameter), MSS SP-44, DIN, and BS. Pressure Ratings: Flanges are available in various pressure classes, including Class 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500, as well as European PN ratings like PN6 to PN100. Material Grades: Other common grades include ASTM A182 and high-yield strength ASTM A694 (e.g., F52, F60) for high-pressure oil and gas transmission.

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